Mushandi wekambani yakazvimirira uyo, kwemakore, akaramba akasununguka nebasa rake rechigarire, muhoro wake wakavimbiswa uye kubhadhara mari yake yemwedzi, senge remba, ndiye atova chimiro chitsva cheanopikisa. Chiitiko ichi chakakura zvakanyanya nekuda kwekutya kunokonzerwa nedambudziko rehupfumi uye kusagadzikana munharaunda yega.
Kutya dambudziko uye kudzingwa kukuru mumakambani akazvimirira
Munguva dzino dzekusagadzikana kwehupfumi, makambani akazvimirira haachakwanise kumira mushe. Vashandi, vachiona vamwe vavo vachirasikirwa nemabasa, vanotanga kunetseka pamusoro pezvinotevera kwavari. Situation iyi yawedzera level ye kushushikana uye kumanikidzwa munzvimbo dzebasa, uko vashandi vanoita zvese zvavanogona kuti vadzivise kuva vanotevera parunyorwa rwekudzingwa.
Mune zvimwe zviitiko, kunyangwe kuedza kwakanyanya hakuvimbisi kusingaperi mukambani. Uye dambudziko racho haringokanganisa makambani mashoma: mazhinji anomanikidzwa kuita mabasa ekudzikisa mutengo, izvo zvinogadzira kusachengeteka kwebasa uye inosiya zviuru zvevanhu zviri mumamiriro ezvinhu asina kugadzikana mune zveupfumi.
Mukati mechiitiko ichi, vashandi vazhinji vanosarudza shanduko huru muhupenyu hwavo hwehunyanzvi: vanotanga kugadzirira bvunzo dzemakwikwi vaine tarisiro yekuwana basa rechigarire munharaunda yeruzhinji. Kupikiswa kwabva pakungova imwe sarudzo kusvika pakuva utiziro hwezviuru zvevanhu, avo vanotsvaka kuchengeteka mukutarisana nekusagadzikana kwebasa muhurumende yega.
Sei chikamu chehurumende chichiva sarudzo yakanakisisa?
Musiyano uripo pakati pebasa mubazi rakazvimirira uye rimwe mubazi rehurumende wagara wakajeka, asi munguva dzenhamo, zvakanakira basa reveruzhinji zvinotonyanya kuoneka. Kushanda sevashandi vehurumende kunovimbisa, kazhinji, kugadzikana kwebasa uye zvehupfumi, kuwedzera kune zvikomborero zvisingawanzowaniki mubazi rega rega, zvakadai sezvirongwa zvakasununguka, kuchengeteka kukuru uye mamiriro ekushanda ari nani.
Mumakore gumi anotevera, zvinotarisirwa kuti kusvika ku58% yevashandi veGeneral State Administration vachaenda pamudyandigere, izvo zvinosunungura. 97.000 nzvimbo kusvika 2032. Pamusoro pezvo, manejimendi ematunhu neemuno ari mumamiriro ezvinhu akafanana, ayo anofanoona kudanwa kukuru kwevanopikisa mumakore anotevera.
Zvinoenderana nedata reCEE, kune vechidiki vazhinji, mutsauko uripo pakati pemamiriro ekushanda uye emuhoro anopihwa munzvimbo dzeveruzhinji neakazvimirira anoita basa rakakosha musarudzo yavo yekunyora bvunzo. Bazi rakazvimiririra rakaona kuti vangani nyanzvi dzinosarudza mabasa akadzikama, aine mihoro inokwikwidza uye maawa ekushanda anovabvumira kunakidzwa nehupenyu hwepamusoro.
Dambudziko semutyairi wekuchinja mumabasa ehunyanzvi
Nhamba huru yevashandi yakatanga kupikisa mushure memakore ekugadzikana mumasangano akazvimirira. Kuchinja uku kunowanzo kutungamirirwa nekushaikwa kwekuchengetedzwa kwebasa, sezvakaita Alfonso (makore makumi mana nematatu), uyo aive nebasa rakanaka munyika dzakawanda, asi sarudzo yake chete yekusimudzira yaive yekutamira kunze kweSpain, iyo kwaari, vana vaviri vadiki, zvaisaita. Akabva afunga kumbozorora kuti atarisire vana vake uye kugadzirira kupikisa muHurumende Corps of Engineers.
Kutya kurasikirwa nebasa uye kudiwa kwekugadzikana kwehupfumi kutyaira nyanzvi dzakatove neruzivo mumusika wevashandi kuti vafunge zvakare ramangwana ravo. Mashoko anobva kumakwikwi ebvunzo academies anoratidza kuti chete 15% yevadzidzi vari pasi pemakore makumi matatu. Ruzhinji rwevanhu vanogadzirira bvunzo rwakanyanya pakati pemakore makumi matatu nemakumi mashanu, izvo zvinoratidza kuti chiitiko chekunyora bvunzo chave sarudzo ine mufungo mushure memakore ekusagadzikana kwebasa mubazi rakazvimirira.
The offer of public job: ramangwana rakavimbiswa
Kunyange zvazvo mumakore ematambudziko ehupfumi apfuura (2008-2014) kushevedzera kwebasa revanhu kwakanga kuduku, mumakore achangopfuura kwave kune kuderera kukuru mukugoverwa kwezvinzvimbo muhutungamiri hwehurumende. Muna 2022 chete, vanopikisa muGeneral State Administration vakapfuura nzvimbo 16.800, uye maitiro anoratidza kuti havazodzike munguva pfupi iri kutevera.
Mukuwedzera, mamwe masangano akaonawo kuwedzera kwevashandi vavo. Munguva yedenda, hutano uye dzidzo muSpain yakawedzera zvakanyanya kuhaya kutarisana nedambudziko. Nharaunda dzinozvimiririra, dzine basa rekutonga chikamu chikuru chebasa reveruzhinji, dzatounza pamwechete zvinopfuura 59% yevashandi vese vehurumende muSpain.
Kunze kwekugadzikana kwemabasa, mihoro mubazi rehurumende inowanzo yevedza kana ichienzaniswa neaya ari mubazi rakazvimirira, kunyanya kune mamwe mabasa. Mune zvimwe zviitiko, misiyano yemuhoro inogona kusvika pa1.000 euros pamwedzi, izvo zvinoita kuti basa reveruzhinji rive sarudzo inoyevedza kune avo vari kutsvaga kugadzikana kwenguva refu.
Matambudziko ekupikisa munguva dzekutambudzika
Kunyangwe bvunzo dzemakwikwi dzichiita senge mhinduro yakakwana yekusagadzikana kwemasangano akazvimiririra, haavimbisi kubudirira. Kupfuura kushorwa inzira inoda kuzvipira, nguva uye kushanda nesimba. Vazhinji vavhoti vanomanikidzwa kusanganisa kudzidza nemabasa enguva pfupi kana chikamu-nguva, izvo zvinowedzera chikamu chakakosha chekuomerwa mukuita.
Ukuwo, makwikwi akawedzera mumakore achangopfuura. Vanhu vakawanda vanosarudza kutora bvunzo, izvo zvaunza kudzvanywa kukuru pazvikoro zvekugadzirira. Kunyange hazvo nzvimbo dzinopihwa nevakuru vehurumende dzisina kukura zvakaenzana nehuwandu hwevanoda kukwikwidza, huwandu hwevanhu vari kunyora bvunzo huri kuwedzera.
Zvisinei, kune avo vanokwanisa kukunda miedzo, kuedza kwakakosha: basa rechigarire, nemamiriro ezvinhu akanaka ekushanda uye mubhadharo wemakwikwi ndiwo mubairo wekupedzisira, chinangwa icho vazhinji vanoda kupa makore ehupenyu hwavo mukugadzirira. .
Musika wevashandi uripo waita kuti zviuru zvevashandi vemakambani akazvimiririra vatsvage kugadzikana mubazi rehurumende kuburikidza nebvunzo dzemakwikwi. Chiitiko ichi hachingobatanidzi vechidiki vachangopedza kudzidza chete, asiwo vashandi vane makore ane ruzivo avo, vakatarisana nekutya kudzingwa uye kusava nechokwadi kwebasa, vanoona bvunzo dzemakwikwi semhinduro kumatambudziko avo.