La cartography Icho chirango chinonakidza chinosanganisa sainzi, tekinoroji nehunyanzvi kudzidza nekumiririra geography yePasi. Izvo zvakakosha kwete chete kuti tinzwisise nzvimbo yepanyama yatinogara, asiwo kuronga nemazvo uye kutonga zviwanikwa zvepasi redu. Kuburikidza nezvishandiso zvechinyakare uye zvemazuva ano, vanodhirowa mapepi vanokwanisa kupa dudziro yakadzama uye yakaringana yepasi pePasi uye zvinhu zvinoriumba.
Chii chinonzi Cartography uye yakashanduka sei?
La cartography Ndiyo sainzi inokonzeresa graphically inomiririra zvinhu zve geographic space, senge maitiro emuviri, miganhu, huwandu hwevanhu, zvivakwa uye zviwanikwa. Munhoroondo yese, chirango ichi chakashanduka zvakanyanya, kubva pamamepu ekutanga akagadzirwa nemaoko kuenda kune akaomesesa edhijitari masisitimu anokwanisa kupa zvakanyatsojeka-mativi matatu anomiririra.
Pakutanga, kutaridzika kwePasi kwaigona kungozivikanwa nekutarisa zvakananga kubva kumusoro, semakomo kana mabharuni emhepo inopisa. Nekufambira mberi kwehunyanzvi, zvishandiso senge GPS (Global Positioning System), inonzwa kure kuburikidza nemasatelliti uye kushandiswa kwe Photogrammetry. Iyi nzira yekupedzisira, yakabva pazviyero zvejometri kubva pamifananidzo, yatibvumira kuwana matatu dimensional data uye gadzira madhijitari emhando dzenzvimbo.
Zvishandiso uye matekinoroji muCartography
Mazuva ano cartography inovimba nehupamhi hwe teknolojia izvo zvakashandura nzira iyo data inounganidzwa nekuongororwa. Pazasi pane zvimwe zvezvishandiso zvinonyanya kushandiswa nevanodhirowa mapepa:
- Geographic Information Systems (GIS): Aya masisitimu anobvumira kuunganidzwa, kuchengetedza uye kuongororwa kwedata renzvimbo, kufambisa kugadzirwa kwemepu nehukuru. kururama.
- Kutarisa kure kure: Nekushandisa mifananidzo yakatorwa nema satellite uye drones, zvinokwanisika kuwana yakadzama yekuona nzvimbo dzakati, kusanganisira kuoma kwekuwana.
- GPS: Yakakosha kuti uwane chaiwo marongero, GPS chishandiso chakakosha chebasa remumunda uye territorial planning.
- Photogrammetry: Inoshandiswa kuyera uye kumiririra zvinhu kana nzvimbo kubva mudenga kana satellite mafoto.
Zvisinei nekushandiswa kwakanyanya kwehunyanzvi hwepamusoro, nzira dzechinyakare, senge mafoto emuchadenga anotorwa kubva mundege, anoramba akakodzera uye anopindirana nehunyanzvi hwazvino.
Mabasa uye masimba emugadziri wemakapu
Mugadziri wemapapu haana kungozvipira kugadzira mepu. Nyanzvi iyi inoita mabasa akasiyana siyana kubva geographic data collection uye kuongorora kune dudziro yaro kuitira mashandisirwo chaiwo. Pakati pemabasa ayo makuru ndeaya:
- Kugadzirira kwemepu: Kushandisa dhijitari uye hunyanzvi hwechinyakare, vanodhirowa makadhipa vanogadzira zvinomiririra zvinomiririra zvematunhu akakosha kune akawanda dzidziso.
- Geospatial information management: Vanounganidza data vachishandisa maturusi epamusoro kuibatanidza muGIS masisitimu.
- Territorial analysis: Ivo vanoita zvidzidzo zvine chekuita nekuchengetedza nzvimbo dzechisikigo, dhizaini yemadhorobha uye kuronga kwezvivakwa.
- Kuchengetedza kwezvakatipoteredza: Vanobatsira kugadzira nzira dzekushandisa kwakasimba ndima.
Mikana yebasa muCartography
Basa remugadziri wemepu rakasiyana-siyana uye rinogona kuvhara masangano ehurumende neakazvimirira. Dzimwe sarudzo dzebasa dzinosanganisira:
- Kudzidzisa: Dzidzisa makirasi padanho repakati nepamusoro redzidzo munzvimbo dzine chekuita ne geography uye geographic information systems.
- Consultancy: Ipa masevhisi senyanzvi mune topographic ongororo, geospatial ongororo uye zvidzidzo zve kukanganiswa kwemamiriro okunze.
- Hutongi hweveruzhinji: Tora chikamu mukuchengetedza nekuvandudza mapurojekiti emifananidzo yenyika kana yedunhu.
- Makambani eTekinoroji: Shanda mumakambani ekuvandudza software ane hunyanzvi muGIS uye digital cartography.
Pamusoro pezvo, kudhirowa kwemakadhi kwakakosha muzvikamu zvakaita sekuronga kwemadhorobha, kudzivirira, kushanya uye emergency management, kuvhura mikana yakawanda kune avo vanoita basa iri.
Zvinodiwa kuti udzidze Bachelor's Degree muCartography
Kune avo vanofarira kudzidza basa iri, zvakakosha kuzadzisa zvimwe zvinodiwa zvedzidzo, izvo zvinogona kusiyana zvichienderana neyunivhesiti. Kazhinji zvinodiwa:
- Vapedza dzidzo yekondari.
- Ipa zvinyorwa zviri pamutemo (chitupa chekudzidza, gwaro rekuzvarwa, nezvimwewo).
- Entrance bvunzo kana aptitude bvunzo, zvinoenderana nesangano redzidzo.
Nezvekudzidziswa, zvinokurudzirwa kuve nehunyanzvi mukati math, IT y geography, sezvo nzvimbo idzi dzichanyanya kutariswa panguva yezvidzidzo.
La Bachelor yeCartography Haisi chete inopa kudzidziswa kwakasimba muhunyanzvi hwemazuva ano uye maturusi, asi zvakare inosimudzira kunzwisisa kwakadzama kwenzvimbo yenzvimbo. Kudzidza dhigirii iri kunopa mukana wekubatsira zvakanyanya mukuronga uye kuchengetedzwa kwepasi redu, tichiita basa rakakosha mukutonga zvine mutoro kwezviwanikwa zvedu.